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民乐交响，展现时代气象******

　　在推进中国式现代化的新征程中，民族管弦乐艺术将继续为时代放歌、为人民抒怀，贯通历史古今、彰显文化自信，奏响新时代的强音。

　　黄河，被誉为中华民族的母亲河，孕育了中华文明，涵养了风土人情，承载了丰富多彩的文化样态与精神气质。民族管弦乐艺术是当代中国音乐家的创造，融汇了根脉的传承、包容的胸怀、创新的精神，是中国音乐“洋为中用、古为今用”的重要成果与典型代表。

　　党的二十大报告提出，坚持以人民为中心的创作导向，推出更多增强人民精神力量的优秀作品。由中国广播民族乐团、中国广播合唱团联袂演出，作曲家白浩钰创作的大型民族交响音乐会《大河九曲》，立足中华优秀传统文化的音乐积淀，运用民族管弦乐赞颂祖国的山河壮丽，展示黄河流域的文化底蕴与风土人情，进而表现中国人的根与魂，展现出恢弘的时代气象。

　　在民族特色的根基上进行创造性转化、创新性发展，文艺创作才能立得住、传得开、留得下、接地气。《大河九曲》以表现地域文化为出发点，意在彰显黄河流域的自然与人文特质。作品深情描写了青藏高原的肃穆与庄严，若尔盖湿地的梦幻与旖旎，贺兰山下古沙场的空旷与苍茫，胶东半岛的开放与蓬勃……作品用音乐的笔触展现了壮丽山河，挖掘了地域文化所承载的精神内涵，引发听众的无限憧憬。作品最后以男声独唱《大河母亲》呼应主题，将黄河的自然之美与人文之丽再度升华，深情歌颂母亲河的大爱，引发情感共鸣。

　　《大河九曲》以民族管弦乐为落脚点，意在展现民族音乐的内涵与魅力。作品参考了民歌、舞蹈、曲艺等多种艺术形式，并选取了宁夏花儿、山西蒲剧、河南豫剧等作为创作素材，运用了民族管弦乐队及具有典型特色的马头琴、板胡、唢呐、打击乐器等，以凸显音乐性格的鲜明。作品中，民族乐器的民间性与时代性得到了恰当的运用与融合。无论是高音板胡的高亢明亮、中音板胡的深情独白，还是马头琴、大提琴深情而自然的流淌；无论是管子与埙的幽咽、深邃，还是唢呐“咔腔”的拟人化表现，抑或是弹拨乐组的点性线条对大河奔腾流淌的形象塑造——民族管弦乐队“吹拉弹打”各声部间的对话与融合在《大河九曲》中都得到了充分展示，体现了民族管弦乐塑造音乐形象的独特能力。

　　从家喻户晓的《花好月圆》《丰收锣鼓》到格调高雅的《月儿高》《春江花月夜》，民族管弦乐艺术在传承文化根脉、丰富人们情感世界上发挥了重要作用。中华优秀传统文化涵养着中国人的传统美德与时代精神，是塑造可信、可爱、可敬的中国形象取之不尽、用之不竭的力量源泉，也为民族管弦乐的创作提供了丰厚土壤。在推进中国式现代化的新征程中，民族管弦乐艺术将继续为时代放歌、为人民抒怀，贯通历史古今、彰显文化自信，奏响新时代的强音。

　　（作者宋阳为中国民族管弦乐学会副秘书长）

中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.